k8s部署示例
deployment
以之前写的一个go微服务镜像为例子
https://k8s.easydoc.net/docs/dRiQjyTY/28366845/6GiNOzyZ/3iQiyInr
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_54024707/article/details/122225607 可作为参考,或者运行kubectl explain pod
这里不知为啥直接拉镜像拉不下来，于是我把镜像在每个node上都拉了一份
apiVersion: apps/v1 #kubectl api-versions kind: Deployment metadata: name: go-microserver #部署的服务的名字 spec: #详细定义 replicas: 2 #副本数 #使用标签来查找关联的pod selector: matchLabels: app: go-server-test #创建pod使用的模版 template: metadata: labels: app: go-server-test #这里必须和上面标签选择器相同，不然会找不到 # 定义容器 spec: containers: - name: "go-service" image: registry-vpc.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tokugawa/micro-go ports: - name: httpd #名称 containerPort: 8080 #容器内部服务真正的端口，targetport映射在这个端口上 protocol: TCP # port: 8081 # 集群内部访问pod # nodePort: 8082 #集群外部客户端访问pod # targetPort: 8080 #pod的端口，从port和nodePort来的流量经过kube-proxy流入到后端pod的targetPort上，最后进入容器[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES go-microserver-8b87c8767-59t8t 1/1 Running 0 43s 10.244.0.16 node1 <none> <none> go-microserver-8b87c8767-9pxkf 1/1 Running 0 43s 10.244.0.16 node2 <none> <none> [root@master ~]# kubectl describe pod go-microserver-8b87c8767-kbk9n Name: go-microserver-8b87c8767-kbk9n Namespace: default Priority: 0 Node: node1/172.29.36.123 Start Time: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 15:00:55 +0800 Labels: app=go-server-test pod-template-hash=8b87c8767 Annotations: <none> Status: Running IP: 10.244.0.14 IPs: IP: 10.244.0.14 Controlled By: ReplicaSet/go-microserver-8b87c8767 Containers: go-service: Container ID: docker://7dc5da32e70e0e2453b9cbe36a13ed6947d35884a093df554ad4ddb0b617a607 Image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tokugawa/micro-go:v1 Image ID: docker-pullable://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tokugawa/micro-go@sha256:04fbd8859168bf7e3321e1fcb574bc5b6d41f8c2915094e268cf45abb77f2515 Port: 8080/TCP Host Port: 0/TCP State: Running Started: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 15:00:57 +0800 Ready: True Restart Count: 0 Environment: <none> Mounts: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-qnk7x (ro) Conditions: Type Status Initialized True Ready True ContainersReady True PodScheduled True Volumes: kube-api-access-qnk7x: Type: Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources) TokenExpirationSeconds: 3607 ConfigMapName: kube-root-ca.crt ConfigMapOptional: <nil> DownwardAPI: true QoS Class: BestEffort Node-Selectors: <none> Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 100s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/go-microserver-8b87c8767-kbk9n to node1 Normal Pulled 98s kubelet Container image "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tokugawa/micro-go:v1" already present on machine Normal Created 98s kubelet Created container go-service Normal Started 98s kubelet Started container go-service进入pod内部
kubectl exec -ti podname -- /bin/sh # pwd /go/src/mircoservice-1 # ps -ef | grep example root 1 0 0 07:13 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c ${SOURCES}example root 7 1 0 07:13 ? 00:00:00 /go/src/mircoservice-1/example root 18 11 0 07:16 pts/0 00:00:00 grep example # curl 127.0.0.1:8080 <h1>hello!</h1></br> <h2>here is the main website!</h2> <b>enjoy your day!</b></br>扩容
kubectl scale deployment go-microserver --replicas=3 deployment.apps/go-microserver scaled [root@master ~]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE go-microserver-7d47df97fd-d25wg 1/1 Running 0 27m go-microserver-7d47df97fd-gmzj2 0/1 Pending 0 40s go-microserver-7d47df97fd-s849v 1/1 Running 0 27m使用指令端口映射，但是只对本地localhost网卡有效
kubectl port-forward go-microserver-8b87c8767-6j77l 8080:8080 [root@master ~]# curl localhost:8080 <h1>hello!</h1></br> <h2>here is the main website!</h2> <b>enjoy your day!</b></br>查看日志
[root@master ~]# kubectl logs pod/go-microserver-8b87c8767-6j77l [GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached. [GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production. - using env: export GIN_MODE=release - using code: gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode) [GIN-debug] GET /ping --> main.main.func1 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] GET /hello --> main.main.func2 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] Loaded HTML Templates (2): - - index.html [GIN-debug] GET /ico --> github.com/gin-gonic/gin.(*RouterGroup).StaticFile.func1 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] HEAD /ico --> github.com/gin-gonic/gin.(*RouterGroup).StaticFile.func1 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] GET / --> main.main.func3 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] GET /api/books --> main.main.func4 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] GET /api/books/:isbn --> main.main.func5 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] PUT /api/books/:isbn --> main.main.func6 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] POST /api/books --> main.main.func7 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] DELETE /api/books/:isbn --> main.main.func8 (3 handlers) [GIN-debug] [WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value. Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details. [GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080 [GIN] 2022/08/30 - 08:04:14 | 200 | 267.116µs | 127.0.0.1 | GET "/"查看历史版本
kubectl rollout history deployment go-microserver
service
上面起的实例如果想要访问里面的服务还得单独做端口映射，并且只在本机有效，也没办法做到负载均衡，很麻烦，如果我们想要在外部也能够访问到pod里面的服务，并且实现流量转发负载均衡等功能的话，我们可以使用service
service通过标签对应pod，生命周期不与pod绑定，提供负载均衡作用，对外提供访问的端口，对内使用名字可以直接访问,其他具体看前一篇博客
NodePort
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: go-service
spec: #详细定义
selector:
app: go-server-test
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 8080 #可以配置多端口
targetPort: 8080 # 容器端口
nodePort: 31111 #节点端口 部署后查看
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
go-service NodePort 10.101.79.120 <none> 8080:31111/TCP 5m34s
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 17h从另外一个节点用vip 8080访问,如果是外部机器访问则走31111,如果是云服务器，这里要记得放行端口
[root@node1 ~]# curl 10.101.79.120:8080
<h1>hello!</h1></br>
<h2>here is the main website!</h2>statefulset
statefulset用于管理有状态的pod，例如数据库一类。pod的创建是顺序的，销毁是逆序的，如果被销毁重建，pod的名字不会改变，但是ip会变，所以使用名字而不要使用ip去连接。如果使用service名字去连接会随机连接上一个，要指定pod的话得用pod-name.service-name
这里以mysql(mariadb)官网镜像为例子
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
serviceName: mariadb
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mariadb
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mariadb
spec:
containers:
- name: mariadb
image: mariadb:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #只有当本地不存在镜像才从远处拉取
env:
- name: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
value: "123456" #设置环境变量，这里必须至少得从三个里面选一个初始化：MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD, MARIADB_ALLOW_EMPTY_ROOT_PASSWORD and MARIADB_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
selector:
app: mariadb
type: ClusterIP #默认类型，自动分配一个仅 cluster (集群)内部可以访问的虚拟 IP
clusterIP: None #headless
ports:
- port: 3306
targetPort: 3306
statefulset名字不再是随机的,这里因为做了个headless，所以clusterip没有ip
kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 28h 10.244.0.21 node2 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 28h 10.244.0.20 node1 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 28h 10.244.0.20 node2 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 28h 10.244.0.21 node1 <none> <none>
mariadb-0 1/1 Running 0 17m 10.244.0.23 node1 <none> <none>
mariadb-1 1/1 Running 0 17m 10.244.0.23 node2 <none> <none>
mariadb-2 1/1 Running 0 17m 10.244.0.24 node1 <none> <none>
[root@master ~]# kubectl get statefulset
NAME READY AGE
mariadb 3/3 7m23s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
go-service NodePort 10.101.79.120 <none> 8080:31111/TCP 28h
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 45h
mariadb ClusterIP None <none> 3306/TCP 8m15s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get endpoints
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
go-service 10.244.0.20:8080,10.244.0.20:8080,10.244.0.21:8080 + 1 more... 28h
kubernetes 172.20.245.132:6443 45h
mariadb 10.244.0.23:3306,10.244.0.23:3306,10.244.0.24:3306 21m这里登进去功能正常，但是连不通，换了nodeport用另外一台机器试一下连接发现被拒绝了，突然想起mariadb可能是初始化设置默认拒绝远程连接.....这里就不做演示了，多个副本可以配个主从，弄了端口映射后访问其中一个就行
数据持久化
statefulset的pod重建后里面的内容会丢失，如果想要数据持久化，我们可以挂载个盘上去，可以是本地磁盘，也可以是云厂商提供的相关服务，或者NFS之类的
如果是挂载在本地的目录，得要指定pod在那台机子上运行才行，这里以本地挂载的一种方式为例子
hostpath：使用本地目录
mariadb默认存储路径/var/lib/mysql/
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
serviceName: mariadb
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mariadb
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mariadb
spec:
containers:
- name: mariadb
image: mariadb:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #只有当本地不存在镜像才从远处拉取
env:
- name: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
value: "123456"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql/ #容器里面的挂载路径
name: mysqldata #卷的名字，必须和下面一样
volumes:
- name: mysqldata
hostPath:
path: /data01/mysql #node上的挂载点
type: DirectoryOrCreate # 指向一个目录，不存在时自动创建
创建完去node1上查看，发现已经有文件了
[root@node1 ~]# ll /data01/mysql/
total 123328
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 417792 Aug 31 22:55 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 52 Aug 31 22:55 aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 9 Aug 31 22:55 ddl_recovery.log
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 946 Aug 31 22:55 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Aug 31 22:55 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 100663296 Aug 31 22:55 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Aug 31 22:55 ibtmp1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 0 Aug 31 22:55 multi-master.info
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Aug 31 22:55 mysql
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Aug 31 22:55 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 12288 Aug 31 22:55 sys进pod创建个库表，塞点数据，发现node出现了对应的新文件
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it mariadb-0 -- /bin/bash
root@mariadb-0:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.6.5-MariaDB-1:10.6.5+maria~focal mariadb.org binary distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> create database db1 charset utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use db1
Database changed
MariaDB [db1]> create table tb1(name char(10),age int(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.007 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> insert into tb1 values("zhangsan",14),("lisi",15);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [db1]> select * from tb1;
+----------+------+
| name | age |
+----------+------+
| zhangsan | 14 |
| lisi | 15 |
+----------+------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)
[root@node1 ~]# ll /data01/mysql/
total 123340
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 417792 Aug 31 22:55 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 52 Aug 31 22:55 aria_log_control
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Aug 31 23:11 db1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12288 Aug 31 23:11 ddl_recovery.log
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 946 Aug 31 22:55 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Aug 31 22:55 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 100663296 Aug 31 23:12 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Aug 31 22:55 ibtmp1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 0 Aug 31 22:55 multi-master.info
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Aug 31 22:55 mysql
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Aug 31 22:55 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 12288 Aug 31 22:55 sys现在我们把这个pod删掉，然后再次创建，发现数据还在
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f mysql.yaml
statefulset.apps "mariadb" deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 30h
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
statefulset.apps/mariadb created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 30h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 30h
mariadb-0 1/1 Running 0 3s
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it mariadb-0 -- /bin/bash
root@mariadb-0:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.6.5-MariaDB-1:10.6.5+maria~focal mariadb.org binary distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| db1 |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use db1;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [db1]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| tb1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> select * from tb1;
+----------+------+
| name | age |
+----------+------+
| zhangsan | 14 |
| lisi | 15 |
+----------+------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)pvc
Persistent Volume,也就是持久化存储
以一个本地pvc为例子,注意，这里需要提前创建挂载点目录！
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
serviceName: mariadb
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mariadb
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mariadb
spec:
containers:
- name: mariadb
image: mariadb:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #只有当本地不存在镜像才从远处拉取
env:
- name: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
value: "123456"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql/ #容器里面的挂载路径
name: mysqldata #卷的名字，必须和下面一样
volumes:
- name: mysqldata
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: mariadbdata
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 # SC,划分存储盘的类型
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: local-storage
provisioner: kubernetes.io/no-provisioner
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume ## 卷的具体描述信息
metadata:
name: mariadbdata
spec:
capacity:
storage: 2Gi
volumeMode: Filesystem # Filesystem（文件系统） Block（块）
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce # 卷可以被一个节点以读写方式挂载
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete #pv回收策略,怕误删可以选择Retain
storageClassName: local-storage
local:
path: /data/sql
nodeAffinity:
required:
# 通过 hostname 限定在某个节点创建存储卷
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- node2
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim #对存储需求的申请，系统根据这个申请单去寻找合适的pv
metadata:
name: mariadbdata
spec:
accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
storageClassName: "local-storage"
resources:
requests:
storage: 2Giapply看一下，成了
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 31h 10.244.0.21 node2 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 31h 10.244.0.20 node1 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 31h 10.244.0.20 node2 <none> <none>
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 31h 10.244.0.21 node1 <none> <none>
mariadb-0 1/1 Running 0 12s 10.244.0.25 node2 <none> <none>
[root@master ~]# kubectl get sc
NAME PROVISIONER RECLAIMPOLICY VOLUMEBINDINGMODE ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION AGE
local-storage kubernetes.io/no-provisioner Delete WaitForFirstConsumer false 20s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
mariadbdata 2Gi RWO Delete Bound default/mariadbdata local-storage 23s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
mariadbdata Bound mariadbdata 2Gi RWO local-storage 25s
[root@node2 ~]# ll /data/sql
total 123328
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 417792 Sep 1 00:17 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 52 Sep 1 00:17 aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 9 Sep 1 00:17 ddl_recovery.log
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 946 Sep 1 00:17 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Sep 1 00:17 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 100663296 Sep 1 00:17 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Sep 1 00:17 ibtmp1
-rw-rw---- 1 polkitd input 0 Sep 1 00:17 multi-master.info
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Sep 1 00:17 mysql
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 4096 Sep 1 00:17 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 polkitd input 12288 Sep 1 00:17 sysconfiguremap
保存配置的键值对，实现配置与应用分离
我们把yaml里面的env部分删除，把密码写进cm.yaml里面，部署看看
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: mariadb-config
data:
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456"
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
serviceName: mariadb
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mariadb
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mariadb
spec:
containers:
- name: mariadb
image: mariadb:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #只有当本地不存在镜像才从远处拉取
env:
- name: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: mariadb-config
key: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql/ #容器里面的挂载路径
name: mysqldata #卷的名字，必须和下面一样
volumes:
- name: mysqldata
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: mariadbdata
可以看到容器成功起来了，如果这里没有指定密码的话，mariadb是起不来的
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f cm.yaml
configmap/mariadb-config created
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
statefulset.apps/mariadb created
storageclass.storage.k8s.io/local-storage created
persistentvolume/mariadbdata created
persistentvolumeclaim/mariadbdata created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 40h
mariadb-0 1/1 Running 0 5s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get cm
NAME DATA AGE
kube-root-ca.crt 1 2d10h
mariadb-config 1 3m14s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get cm mariadb-config -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456"
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
annotations:
kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
{"apiVersion":"v1","data":{"MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD":"123456"},"kind":"ConfigMap","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"mariadb-config","namespace":"default"}}
creationTimestamp: "2022-09-01T01:47:05Z"
name: mariadb-config
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "305952"
uid: 16c011c0-7fce-4c3b-81de-1d131994eed3secret
一些重要的数据，如密码之类的，可以用base64编码之后放在secret里面
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: mariadb-secret
# Opaque 用户定义的任意数据，更多类型介绍 https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#secret-types
type: Opaque
data:
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: MTIzNDU2
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: mariadb
spec:
serviceName: mariadb
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mariadb
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mariadb
spec:
containers:
- name: mariadb
image: mariadb:latest
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #只有当本地不存在镜像才从远处拉取
env:
- name: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
name: mariadb-secret
key: MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql/ #容器里面的挂载路径
name: mysqldata #卷的名字，必须和下面一样
volumes:
- name: mysqldata
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: mariadbdata
# Secret 的所有数据定义为容器的环境变量，Secret 中的键名称为 Pod 中的环境变量名称
# envFrom:
# - secretRef:
# name: secretname
把configuremap下了换secret,statefulset配置也改一下，pod正常启动了
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f secret.yaml
secret/mariadb-secret created
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
statefulset.apps/mariadb created
storageclass.storage.k8s.io/local-storage created
persistentvolume/mariadbdata created
persistentvolumeclaim/mariadbdata created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-8kzlh 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-jlt4h 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-m6wzl 1/1 Running 0 40h
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-zntnr 1/1 Running 0 40h
mariadb-0 1/1 Running 0 7s挂载为文件，这里就复制个例子
挂载后，会在容器中对应路径生成文件，一个 key 一个文件，内容就是 value，文档
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: mypod
spec:
containers:
- name: mypod
image: redis
volumeMounts:
- name: foo
mountPath: "/etc/foo"
readOnly: true
volumes:
- name: foo
secret:
secretName: mysecretnamespace
类似于编程里面的namespace概念，我们可以把应用划分进不同的ns空间来进行分隔和管理
# 创建命名空间
kubectl create namespace testapp
# 部署应用到指定的命名空间
kubectl apply -f app.yml --namespace testapp
# 查询
kubectl get pod --namespace kube-system
示例
[root@master ~]# kubectl create namespace testapp
namespace/testapp created
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f goservice.yaml -n testapp
deployment.apps/go-microserver created
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n testapp get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-46zwk 1/1 Running 0 21s
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-5qlxp 1/1 Running 0 21s
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-6dmqp 1/1 Running 0 21s
go-microserver-74c85dd7f-dhh9g 1/1 Running 0 21s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 2d10h
kube-flannel Active 47h
kube-node-lease Active 2d10h
kube-public Active 2d10h
kube-system Active 2d10h
testapp Active 53s
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